mainly you get a massive plasma (blood) expansion which increases VO2max. but there are lots more specific cellular things too. (heat acclimation also stimulate bodies production of EPO, which does wonders, even outside the whole increased blood cell bit)
so why was the experiment flawed?
how hot? and what kind of training do you need to do to get an effect?
...just wondering whether summers of spending all day working in a 50C glasshouse might not have been that bad after all!?
i would suggest between 30 and 36 in most cases.
you want to work at about 65-75% (or maybe slightly higher) for best results. you have to be careful at higher temps and higher workloads obviously.
guessing the glasshouse just exhausted you... although perhaps not the worse thing.